pediatrics
SITUATION I
Question 1:
Pyloric stenosis
Question 2:
Right side (or in an infant seat)
Justification: These position aid in emptying the stomach and preventing aspiration.
SITUATION II
Question 1:
Fatty stools (stetorrhea)
Question 2:
A high-calorie, high-protein diet
Question 3:
Fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)
Rationale: Children with CF are managed with a high-calorie, high-protein diet. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is undertaken, and fat-soluble vitamin supplements are administered. Fats are not restricted unless steatorrhea cannot be controlled by increased levels of pancreatic enzymes.
Question 4:
Two hours after meal
SITUATION III
Question 1:
1. Sunken fontanel
2. Dry mouth or mucous membrane
3. Poor skin turgor
4. Increase heart rate
Question 2:
1. Specific gravity is high
2. Hematocrit is high
3. Low urine output
Question 3:
1. Proper handwashing
2. Isolation precaution (remove to daycare/school)
3. Proper attachment and disposal of diaper
4. Disinfect of contaminated surfaces
SITUATION IV
Question 1:
1. Banana
2. Rice
3. Applesauce
4. Toast
5. Tea
6. Yogurt
For a patient recovering from gastroenteritis nonirritating solid foods are added to the diet first. Foods such as bananas, rice, applesauce, toast (BRAT), tea and yogurt (BRATTY) are provided initially. Milk products are among the last foods reintroduced to the diet because milk and milk products can be hard to digest. However, yogurt helps to recolonize the bowel with beneficial bacteria.
SITUATION V
Question 1:
Priority problem: Elbow restraint
Nursing directive: Nurse to remove restraint q 2 hours
Question 2:
Rubber dropper
SITUATION VI
Question 1:
Rectus femoris
SITUATION VII
Question 1:
4 Pureed fruits
5 Rice cereal
6 Pureed vegetables and ground meat
SITUATION VIII
Question 1:
1. Colicky, abdominal pain
2. Red currant jelly
3. Vomiting
4. Distended, tender abdomen, sausage shape mass in the right upper quadrant
5. Late sign: fever, shock
SITUATION IX
Question 1:
Call the doctor immediately
SITUATION X
Question 1:
Administer the medication with a syringe without needle placed alongside of the infant's tongue.
The contents are administered slowly in small amounts, allowing the child to swallow between deposits. Medications should be given slowly to avoid aspiration. The medication should be mixed with only a small amount of food or liquid. If the child does not finish drinking/eating, it is difficult to determine how much medication was consumed. Essential foods also should not be used. Holding the child's nasal passages increases the risk of aspiration.
SITUATION XI
Question 1:
1. Cool mist humidifier at home (hoods and tents)
2. Warm humid compress on the larynx
3. Warm mist by steam from running hot water in closed bathroom/boil water in a casserole or exposure to cold air.
If mild: encourage fluid and cool fruit juice ETC…..
SITUATION XII
Question 1:
1. 5-6 diaper change in a day
2. 2-5 loose stools
3. Well-hydrated: Skin and mouth
SITUATION XIII
Question 1:
Brachial pulse
SITUATION XIV
Question 1:
4 Suction via the nasotracheal route as needed
Risk of the tube going inside the fractured skull
SITUATION XV
Question 1:
Move the patient to another room (private room or a patient with RSV)
RSV is a contagious disease which the patient with asthma will be at high risk acquiring the disease.
SITUATION XVI
Question 1:
Pull and hold the pinna down and back